Miniature Kerosene
Renewable Energy Solar System: An application to agriculture in the state of Maharashtra
There is also growing concern about the degradation environment by conventional sources of energy. Due to these factors, alternative energy sources have gained much importance in the recent past. Government support and emphasis on clean energy sources have also resulted in new capacity being built on the basis of these sources. In order to encourage and increase investment in this sector, the government recently began allowing power plants to achieve greater than 16% to 17% for energy produced from sources alternative energy. Benefits of Photovoltaic Solar Energy operates in the freely available solar energy thereby saving the cost of electricity and fuel fossil fuels, without fear of power cuts, is problem-free, pollution free, noise-free, has a long life and is reliable, easy to handle and operate, and the negligible cost of operation and maintenance. Among the unconventional sources of energy, solar energy is more easily accessible and is in abundance. Unlike wind power, solar energy has not yet been explored in India. It currently has a capacity-based solar power generation about 200 MW.
There is also emphasis on the construction of approximately 20,000 MW of solar capacity in 2020. Few players listed provide technology (photovoltaic power systems, etc.) needed to generate power from solar energy. Webel SL Energy Companies like Moser Baer and XL Telecom the companies listed are well known. Others, like the Euro Multivision recently came out with an IPO. Webel has increased its capacity to generate about 100 MW currently has 42 MW in FY08. However, it still generates much of its revenue from overseas markets.
Nearly 55 percent of the state's population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. This sector has been the largest provider of employment to the rural population of the state. However, the contribution of agriculture sector in the economy the state is the reduction in the period due to the unfavorable situation of the agro-climatic and fastest growing in other sectors, especially in services. Almost a third area of the state falls in the rain shadow region, where rainfall is low and erratic. In these areas is carried out only rainfed cultivation. Out of the total geographical area of the state, the proportion of area under agriculture (56.8 per cent in 2005-06) is much more than nationally (43.2 percent). Despite huge spending on irrigation projects, the proportion of the gross area irrigated to gross cropped area in the state is about 17 percent compared with about 43 percent on the national level. Most electricity in the state of Maharashtra, comes from fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas.
Today the demand for electricity in the state of Maharashtra, which is increasing as the reserves of fossil fuels are running every day. Electricity demand is already more than the production of electricity. We feel that fact to power cuts during summer. Fortunately Sun throws a lot of energy in the state of Maharashtra, which minutes if you can catch a few of solar energy, then it is possible to supply electricity to throughout the year to India. Most of India receives 7 kWh / square meter of energy per day averaged over a year. Energy use Photovoltaic (PV) power to run irrigation systems are encouraged for several years by various governments and international agencies, but this was less successful in expected, partly due to high costs. As solar home systems are becoming more and more and more local technical support for photovoltaic technology, the use of photovoltaics for irrigation is increasing too. Solar energy systems collect energy from sunlight, thermal systems converted into heat, while photovoltaic systems that convert it into electricity. The amount of energy produced varies according to the location of the system, the time of year and climate, although some energy occurs even on cloudy days.
Average showing the isolation area of land (small black dots) required to replace the world primary energy supply with solar electricity. Isolation for most people is from 150 to 300 W / m² or 3.5 to 7.0 kWh / M² / day. Solar energy refers primarily to the use of solar radiation for practical ends. However, all renewables except geothermal and tidal, derive their energy from the sun. The benefits of off-grid solar photovoltaic in developing countries include the prevention of fire risk and contamination of kerosene lamps, the ability to charge mobile phones, and provision of radio, television and computer services.
HISTORY OF SOLAR SYSTEM
The existence of the photovoltaic effect was shown by physicist Becquerel in 1839. In 1870, Professor W. Grylls Adams experimented on the effect of light on selenium, verifying that a flow of electricity was created, called "photoelectric". In 1885, Charles Fritts constructed the first photoelectric module, which shows evidence of the direct conversion of sunlight energy into electrical energy. In 1921 Albert Einstein won the Nobel Prize for explanatory theories on the photovoltaic effect. In 1953, executives from Bell filed the solar battery called Bell, who shows a panel of photovoltaic cells to power a miniature Ferris wheel. Within a few years, selenium has been replaced by silicon as basic material for the cells.
Agricultural Applications of Solar Energy in Maharashtra
Among renewable energy sources, energy Solar energy has enormous potential for power generation in Maharashtra. There are 250-300 clear sunny days with average radiation available from 4 to 6 kWh / m² for a day. There is a capacity to generate 1.5 million units / MW / year through solar photovoltaic systems and up to 2.5 million units / MW / year through systemsaharatra Solar thermal is already in process of development of this source of huge interest and solar project developers can submit their proposals to the MEDA program. Solar Energy can provide or supplement the energy needs of many farms. The following is a brief analysis of some applications of solar energy technologies in agriculture. For more information, you may wish to consult the publications listed below. Depending on location, a 1 kW system can produce 1,400 kWh to 2,000 kWh per year. Watts are units of power measured in a second. If one watt of electricity used per hour, the total energy consumed is expressed as a time-watt, or 1Wh. Similarly, 1,000 watts of power is expressed as kilowatts (1 kW) and 1,000 watt-hours as a kilowatt-hour (1 kWh). If a 2kW system produces uninterrupted power for five hours, the total power generated is expressed as 10kWh.
Cultivation and drying of grain
As the sun through large amounts of energy in the state of Maharashtra, using the sun to dry grain crops and is one of the oldest and most used applications solar energy. The simplest and least expensive technique is to allow the crops to dry naturally in the field, or spread of grains and fruits in the sun after harvest. The disadvantage of these methods is that of grain crops and are subject to damage caused by birds, rodents, wind and rain, and contamination by windblown dust and dirt. More sophisticated solar dryers protect grain and fruit, reduce losses, faster drying and more evenly, and produce a better quality product that the methods of air.
The basic components of a solar dryer is a box or shed, screened drying trays or racks, and a solar collector. In hot, arid climates the collector may not even be necessary. The south side of the enclosure itself can be glazed to allow the sunlight to dry the material. The collector can be as simple as a glass box with a dark colored interior to absorb solar energy that heats the air. Hot air moves in the solar collector, either by natural convection or forced by a fan through the dry material. The size of the collector and the air flow rate depends on the amount of material that is dry, the moisture content of material, moisture in the air, and the average amount of solar radiation available during the dry season.
SPACE AND WATER HEATING
Livestock and dairy operations often have substantial air and heating requirements water. In modern pig and poultry farms raise animals in enclosed buildings, where it is necessary to carefully control the temperature and air quality to maximize health and animal growth. These facilities need to replace indoor air regularly to remove moisture, toxic gases, odors and dust. Heating this air, when necessary, requires large amounts of energy. With good planning and design, solar air and space heaters can be incorporated into buildings farm to preheat the fresh air enters. These systems can also induce or increase the levels of natural ventilation during the summer months. Heating systems Solar water can provide a low temperature medium hot water to clean the pen. Commercial farms use large amounts of energy to heat water for cleaning equipment, as well as to warm and stimulate the udders of cows. Heating and milk cooling water can represent up to 40% of the energy used on a farm milk. Solar heating systems water can be used to supply all or part of these hot water requirements.
GREENHOUSE HEATING
Another agricultural applications of solar energy is greenhouse warming. Commercial Greenhouses often based on the sun to meet your needs from lighting, but are not designed to use the sun for heating. They are based on oil or gas heaters to maintain the temperatures required for growing plants in the colder months. Solar greenhouses, however, are designed to use solar energy to heating and lighting. A solar greenhouse thermal mass to collect and store solar thermal energy, and insulation to conserve heat for use at night and on cloudy days. A solar greenhouse is oriented to maximize southern exposure glass. Its northern side has little or no crystals, and is well insulated. To reduce heat loss, glass products itself is also more efficient than single pane glass and are available ranging from several double pane "glass phone. "A solar greenhouse reduces the need for fossil fuels for heating. A gas heater or oil can serve as a backup heater or to increase carbon dioxide levels to induce higher plant growth.
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY REMOTE
Solar, or photovoltaic (PV) systems convert sunlight directly into electricity. It can power an electrical device directly or store solar energy in a battery. A "remote" location may be several miles or as little as 50 feet (15 meters) from a power source. Photovoltaic systems can be much cheaper than installing power lines and transformers step in applications such as electric fencing, lighting and water pumping.
WATER PUMPING
Photovoltaic (PV) systems for water pumping may be the most cost-effective water pumping option in places where there is no existing power line. When properly installed and sized, PV water pumps are very reliable and require little maintenance. The size and the cost of a PV water pumping depends on the local solar resource, the depth of pumping, water demand and system purchase and installation costs. Although prices Today's photovoltaic panels for the systems of most irrigated crops too expensive, photovoltaic systems are very profitable for remote delivery livestock water, aeration, and small irrigation systems.
Government Politics Village of energy
First objective of this is to provide energy for cooking, electricity and power through various forms of locally available biomass materials with energy production and distribution are handled by local communities. The second objective is to provide the energy plan includes assessment of total demand, availability of resources and a combination of appropriate technology to meet demand.
Energy Village Safety Program was launched by the Ministry of Non Conventional Energy Sources (MND), New Delhi Govt. of India in the year 2004-05. The program is designed so that should provide the families of those remote villages that do not yet have sites over conventional energy sources and will not be electrified by sources Conventional until 2012. It has huge social aspect in the development of the nation, by providing the overall security of energy (electricity, cooking, Motive Power, etc) to the villagers to be self-sufficient.Under village energy security program (Vespa) the exercise of identification of non-electrified villages that are not feasible be connected through the network are considered 'remote' villages. A detailed study of the remote villages is to be performed taking into account the feasibility and viability alternatives for biomass gasification generation biofuels power base, improved chullha biogas plants for cooking energy, etc. In villages households generally between minimum 25 and maximum 200 families can be considered as people under VESP potential. The primary and main goal of this program is the participation villagers concrete in the participation of women in particular by the formation of the Village Energy Committee (VEC). The program includes a contribution to total project cost of the respective state governments beneficiaries.
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT POLICY
Village Energy Security Program (Vespa) is that developers launched by the Ministry of Non Conventional Energy Sources (MND), New Delhi for taking into account taking a census of private parties or a village of self-sufficient village census from the point of view of energy demand using renewable energy sources and local the full participation of the local community.
SUMA'S SUGESSION
- Agricultural technology is changing quickly. Farm machinery, farm buildings, and production facilities are steadily improving. You should consider these factors when purchasing and installing a solar system. Recovery periods may be shortened by multiple use of a solar system, such as heating and crop drying.
- The Solar energy is an excellent alternative energy source because there is no pollution created while you are using it really reduce pollution with each watt of power generated by the sun. Even if we can reduce how much energy is used should at least control where energy comes from.
- There are no costs involved with using solar energy other than the manufacturing cost of components, the purchase and installation. After his initial investment is not is no additional cost associated with its use.
- Solar energy systems are flexible and scalable. This means that their first solar project may be one small and can expand its solar electric system to meet their needs by installing more panels. By starting with a small project can avoid investment important in the lead.
- As the use of solar energy increases, decreases our demand for fossil fuels. This will extend the time before our supply of fossil fuels (oil and natural gas, etc …) or expires costs become so high that only the wealthy can afford.
- There is no pollution associated with the use of solar energy. N chimneys pumping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere means less pollution.
- A solar electric system installed in a home could potentially remove 18 tons of emissions of greenhouse gases from the environment each year.
- Using solar energy is a silent process. No noise pollution.
- With space heaters using fossil fuels, provided there is a risk of a cracked heat exchanger, which can cause poisoning of CO 2 (carbon dioxide). This is not a problem when using solar energy.
- A great advantage of solar energy for remote applications. It is the best way to supply electricity to isolated locations in the world where the cost associated with installing power distribution lines makes it impractical or impossible.
- Solar energy can be used to heating water and heating.
- You can build your own system for collecting the necessary parts or a purchase of many solar kits that are available. Using the team needs a lot of construction work their own system.
About the Author
EDUCATION QULIFICATION
- S.S.C. in Maharashtra State Board passed in Mar 1994 (42.28%)
- H.S.C. in Maharashtra State Board passed Feb-1998 (53.33%)
- D.C.M in S.K. Computer, Solapur passed Dec-1998 (First class)
- B.A Geography in Shivaji University Kolhapur passed Mar-2001 (63.66%)
- M.A / M.Sc Geography in Shivaji University Kolhapur passed May-2004 (56.96%with B+)
- Diploma in Tourism in Solapur University passed May-2005 (77%)
Experiences
- Experiences of lectureship in geography subject of 5 year.
- Experiences of GIS Tec.
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